Abstract:

Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) is a major concern in vital sectors such as the energy sector, especially in countries where law enforcement and safety practices are still developing. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OHSMS) implemented at the General Electricity Company of Libya (GECOL), in light of international standards and global best practices. The research adopted a quantitative and qualitative analytical methodology by analyzing secondary data related to injuries and accidents during the period (2012-2014), in addition to analyzing a field questionnaire that included a sample of workers. The results showed a significant weakness in the application of occupational health and safety management systems, as the percentage of injuries resulting from safety instruction violations reached 36% in 2012, 20% in 2013, and 27% in 2014. The study also revealed the absence of effective supervision, lack of training, and insufficient personal protective equipment. The study concludes with the necessity of adopting an Integrated Occupational Health and Safety Strategy that includes planning, implementation, review, and continuous improvement, emphasizing the importance of training, awareness, and the presence of effective supervisory systems such as ISO 45001. It is important for the company to implement a specific occupational health and safety system, which may be designed by the company or based on international systems.

Keywords: Occupational Health and Safety (OHS), General Electricity Company of Libya, Work Injuries, Integrated Safety Management. 

Abstract:

This study assesses the implementation level of the Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OHSMS) based on ISO 45001:2018 at Brega Oil Marketing Company (BOMC), Libya. A quantitative descriptive methodology was employed using a structured questionnaire derived from ISO 45001 clauses. Data were collected from 60 employees across four operational sites and analyzed using descriptive statistics in IBM SPSS. The results indicate partial compliance with ISO 45001 requirements (mean ≈ 3.82). Strong performance was observed in safety awareness and employee satisfaction, whereas weaknesses were identified in planning, hazard identification, and performance evaluation processes. The study recommends strengthening risk-based planning and internal auditing mechanisms to improve system effectiveness and ensure continual improvement.

Keywords: Occupational Health and Safety, ISO 45001, Gap Analysis, Oil and Gas Industry, Brega Oil Marketing Company. 

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ABSTRACT

Libya is one of the largest countries in the olive oil production leading to

generate massive amounts of olive-waste cakes during the manufacture process

every year. Therefore, this experimental study aims to investigate the potential of

olive-waste cake as a low-cost natural source for preparation activated carbon

(AC). The solid olive oil mill residue was carbonized at 200 0C and chemically

activated using two methods including Model I (25% Zncl2) and Model II (25%

Zncl2 + 25% H2SO2) . To investigate the efficiency of prepared AC,decolourization of methylene blue founded in an aqueous solution was conducted. The effectiveness of this process was studied via key parameters

effects such as contact time, pH, and AC dose. The achieved results showed that

the decolourization using Model II was more than of Model I. The optimum

values of pH, contact time, and AC dose were 5, 120 min, and 2.5 g/L

respectively. At these conditions the maximum methylene blue removal was

75%. The results indicate that olive-waste cake has a potential in future water

treatment applications due to its high adsorption capacity.

ABSTRACT

Water sources in Al-Jabal Al-Gharbi area are very limited and need to be studied for use either as drinking water or human activities. Therefore, several physical and chemical parameters of water sources in Al-Jabal Al-Gharbi region located in Northwest of Libya were investigated. For untreated water three sources were studied including groundwater wells, rain water, and Man-Made River (MMR). However, for drinking water packed and unpacked treated commercial water were investigated. The examined properties were pH, conductivity, salinity, turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), chlorine, nitrates (NO- ), nitrites, sulfate, phosphate, iron, and cupper. The results showed that the groundwater and MMR water had high TDS concentrations between 1115 and 4090 mg/L leading to increase the total hardness in these samples. Most of the treated waters had very low of TDS concentrations causing loss the useful salts for consumers . However, the rain water samples had optimum values of TDS and other parameters. Regarding NO- all samples were within the limitation and in the range of 0.02 to 15 mg/L. Furthermore, all metal ions examined in this work such as iron and Cupper were within the WHO guidelines.